Basis Interview Questions

Q. What is the difference between a support package and a kernel replacement?

A. A support package contains fixes to the ABAP code within a SAP instance. It must be applied using the SPAM transaction in the SAP instance. A kernel replacement is the replacement of the SAP executables on the OS level

Q. A user rings you up and says they have made a huge error and need the database restored to the previous afternoon. How do you go about the restore?

A. You do not restore the database. You liaise with the user to correct the error or refer to management to make a decision on the effect on the business.

Question : When creating a logon group for logon load balancing

.
which of the following cannot be specified?

Maximum Allowable response time.
Max number of users who may be logged on to the instance.
Name of the instance defined for the logon group.
Max number of session per user. ( Correct )
Name of logon group.

Question : Which of the following is authorized to maintain R/3 user id
Parameters?

Only R/3 system administrator
All R/3 users having an account in same client.
Only the user himself
only the R/3 system admin and User. (Correct)

Q. What would you do with a heavy program which blocks the system resources?
A. Run it in background

Q. What is a background processing batch scheduler?
A. It is a process which runs as defined by the parameter rdisp/btctime to check the scheduled background jobs and to execute them.
The parameter defines the delay between two runs which means that a job start can delay at the most for that much time.

Q. What would you do to test the background processing consistencies and options in the server?
A. Run Tcode SM65 - Analysis Tool and select the relevant options.

Q.What are the two files that are created (at os level)when you create a Request

Data and cofile

Q.your network Admin did a mistake a assigned the database instance and
central instance the same IP Address ,so what will happen when you start
SAP instance .



Q.what are the two memory areas in Live Cache

Global (I/O buffer cache)and local memory ( live cache Heap memory)

Q.how do you restart a live cache server

LC10

Q.what happens if you restart a live cache server through a Database manager GUI

You will get a Dump when you login in to SAP APO live cache (not sure about the answer)

Q.how to determine the max number of UKT(user kernell threads) in APO

Number of dialog work process * 2

Q.how do you automate the STMS

Schedule the abap program TMS_BCI_START_SERVICE in required interval

Q. you go to su01 and you do not see create user option what does it mean

the system you logged on is child system

Q.All the users in J2EE are locked what will you do

unlock user sap* through config tool and then login in to visual admin and unlock the users .

Q.How do you create a reporting Authorization object in BW

t-code RSSM

Q.difference between license_Admin and usmm

usmm has to be done in each and every system in you landscape ,where as license_admin can be done from one central system ,consolidate the users and then send to sap

Q.how do you open up remote conenctions

http://service.sap.com



Q.what is a object and class in Live cache?

the easiet answer to understand is object is a record and class is a table
Not sure if this is the answer recenlty started working on APO

Q.How do you restart J2EE engine From SAP

SMICM-->ADMINISTRATION-->j2ee server

15)A user complains saying that all the BGD work process are hung

never restart the system , go to sm50 and restart the work process

How do I prevent my spool request from being deleted by a basis spool cleanup job?

To prevent your spool requests getting deleted from the BASIS cleanup jobs, you need to uncheck the Delete after print checkbox in the print control screen, execute transaction SP01, find your spool#, click on Attributes and change the Delete After date

How can I link Exchange with R/3?

A link from R/3 to Exchange can be produced with three different components that can be used individually or combined, depending on the functions required:

• Client based solution with the SAP MAPI service provider:
  The Outlook or Exchange Client can be enhanced with the SAP MAPI Service Provider so that mails that are stored in SAPoffice can be read and processed in a separate message store. Work items in the SAP Business Workflow, which are found in the SAPoffice inbox, are visible and can be executed. In addition, a SAPoffice address book is available. Mails can be moved back and forth between the exchange message store and the SAPoffice message store.

• SAPforms via mail:
  SAPForms is a technology which allows you to control different interfaces of the R/3 system from different types of forms. A possible application is starting workflows and processing form-based work items in the R/3 system via Internet mail. A specially structured mail is sent to a special receiver (Agent) in the R/3 system from an Outlook or Exchange form to start a workflow. Vice Versa, workitems can be sent from the R/3 system as Internet mail to the external mail address of an SAP user. This workitem mail can be processed with a form on the Outlook or Exchange client. Processing is possible offline (that is without connection to the R/3 system); starting the workflow is also possible offline.

• Exchange Server link using SAPconnect SMTP Linking or SAP Exchange Connector:
  Using the SAPconnect SMTP Linking or the SAP Exchange Connector, it is possible to use the MS Exchange Infrastructure with R/3 applications or R/3 users without the Exchange Client. The sending and receiving of messages, including status information (received and read) is supported here for Internet, fax and Exchange mailbox recipients.

How can I browse the directories on the application server when I don't have access?

Use transaction AL11 to browse the application servers directory structure.

How do you set up SAP documentation available through the web?

1. Install Netscape webserver or use an existing web server (requires administrators
privilege)
2. Create a directory called SAPDOCS4 under your web server document root.
3. Mount the CDROM containing online documentation on your PC or your UNIX server.
4. Recursively copy all files under /cdrom/docs/ to the SAPDOC4 directory under the web server root.
5. Create the following entries in your /usr/sap/SID/SYS/profile/DEFAULT.PFL

eu/iwb/installed_languages = EN
eu/iwb/help_type=2
eu/iwb/server_win32=webserver.domain.com
eu/iwb/path_win32=saphelp/helpdata

1. Restart your SAP system

What steps are required to configyre the Internet Gateway?

Step 1 (UNIX SETUP)

Logon to your as sidadm
Change directory to /sapmnt/SID/global (or any directory globally available across all application servers)
Create the following entries in file SAP_EMAIL_GATEWAY.sh and save the file

#!/bin/sh
GWCONFIG=/sapmnt/SID/global/SAP_EMAIL_GATEWAY.cfg
export GWCONFIG
/sapmnt/SID/exe/mlunxsnd $*

Execute the command: mlosmadm SAP_EMAIL_GATEWAY.cfg (enter the following information)

System name : SID
Client : 200
Username : MAILADM
Password : initpass
Language : E
Loadbalancing : Y
Message Server :
Group name : LOGON GROUP1
Using SAPROUTER : N
Trace Level (inBoound) : 0
Sendmail Command :
Codepage :
Trace Level (Outbound) : 0
Update file : Y

Step 2 (SAP SETUP)

Logon to SAPSYSTEM (SID) via SAPGUI
Transaction SU01, create user MAILADM and password initpass, usertype CPIC
Transaction SM59, Click Create

RFC Destination : SAP 4.5 INTERNET MAIL GATEWAY
Connection Type : T
Description : INTERNET EMAIL GATEWAY
Hit RETURN
Click EXPLICIT HOST
Enter /sapmnt/P21/global/ SAP_EMAIL_GATEWAY.sh
Save your entries

Transaction SCOT, click Edit--> CREATE NODES

Node : EMAIL
Description : SAP CONNECT NODE FOR EMAIL (continue)
RFC DESTINATION: (choose SAP 4.5 INTERNET MAIL GATEWAY from the pull down menu)
Choose radio button Internet
Address area : *DOMAIN (your intranet domain)
Ccontinue
Format : DOC, DAT, R3F, TXT, RAW,PPT,XLS (continue)
Continue
Set further address types : N
Minimum waiting : 5 minutes
Check both Node is in use', Node can resolve path references
Continue
Choose Goto--> Schedule Background Job
Enter name for the job & save

Creating New Authorisation Groups (BEGRU)

Use table / view V_TBRG in transaction SM31

Why is a naming convention important?

A naming convention is important for several reasons :
1. Gives a formal structure to your proceedings
2. Makes reporting more structured and easier to manage
3. Allows you to restrict who can display, create and amend roles and profiles

Hints and Tips for the illegal password table

Remember the illegal password table is only checked at the next password reset and not at every logon to the system. Wildcards may be used and it is suggested that the following should be the minimum in an English only system, Obviously this should be extended to include all relevant countries.

What is the illegal password table and how can it be maintained?

Illegal passwords are stored in table USR40. Maintenance of this table is controlled via SM30.

What is a User Menu?

A User Menu is a folder structure which houses the transactions that a role is authorised for. These transactions are then displayed on the users screen at log-on

Which tables are updated by a transaction ?

Use transaction SE49 to see which tables are potentially updated. Alternatively, use the SQL Trace transaction ST05 to see which tables are actually updated when you use the transaction you want to analyse

Transaction SUCU

SUCU is used to maintain the Authorisation Group assigned to a table. The Authorisation Group is then used to protect access to the table via Authorisation Object S_TABU_DIS

Find transactions in roles?

1. Use report S_BCE_*** to find transaction codes in Authorisation Object S_TCODE
2. Use report S_BCE_*** to find transactions in a Role User Menu
3. Table AGR_12** contains the values for all Authorisation Objects including S_TCODE
4. Table AGR_TCODES contains the transactions in a User Menu

Mass deletion of roles in SU10

Remember to specify that you wish to delete the roles and also the associated profiles.
(2). For each role you are deleting in SU10, remember to enter a from date that is before the date of the first assignment to all the users and a to date that is greater than the end date of the last assignment to all the users. From 01.01.1900 to 31.12.9999 will always ensure the roles are deleted

Missing authorisation in SAP_ALL ?

After creating a custom Authorisation Object remember to re-generate SAP_ALL in transaction SU20 *

How can I maintain SAP parameters?

SAP parameters are maintained via RZ10/RZ11. Only dynamically switch able parameters are maintained by RZ11 and all other parameters require an instance restart.

What is a profile?

A profile is a collection of Authorisations populated with Authorisation Values

User Management and Authorizations

What are the main enhancements for authorizations in higher releases?

The Profile Generator is available since SAP R/3 3.1H, but only as of SAP R/3 4.5A with all functions. Central User Administration is new for SAP R/3 4.5A with stable functions as of SAP R/3 4.6D. An integration of external LDAP directory services (for user administration) is available with SAP Web Application Server 6.10 (APO, CRM) and the SAP R/3 Enterprise 4.7.

There is a Microsoft Excel-based tool (authorization list) available with the ASAP CD for SAP R/3 4.6B (order number: 50035571) for setting up user roles.

What has to be taken into consideration to make a transition from SAP R/3 to mySAP.com without major changes to the current authorization concept/setup?

Roles should be used as well as Central User Administration to provide a clear authorization concept. We recommend that you look at the predefined roles, and copy and enhance them before creating own roles.

Is a tool available to graphically display authorizations and roles/profiles in connection with the company process model/company data model (not with organizational management)?

Not from SAP. A graphical display is only possible through organizational management if roles are assigned to objects from organizational management. You can otherwise only display roles in the Profile Generator (transaction PFCG) or in the User Information System (transaction SUIM). Partner products with additional value are currently in the certification process.

Is documentation available for tables USERS_SSM and SSM_CUST?

Table USERS_SSM: no documentation available, self-explanatory in maintenance view (transaction SM30). Table SSM_CUST: For more information, see SAP Notes (search SAP Notes for SSM_CUST and PRGN_CUST). F4 help is availabe with SAP Web Application Server 6.10.

Will there be major changes for structural profiles?

With SAP R/3 4.6C, any missing authorizations due to a lack of required data in a structural profile will be reported in transaction SU53. F4 help is also available in table T77UA as of the same release.

Since when do SAP systems support Central User Administration?

Since SAP R/3 4.5A. For more information about Central User Administration, see composite SAP Note 0159885.

Can the users on systems with SAP R/3 4.0 and lower be administered with Central User Administration on SAP R/3 4.5 and higher?

No.

Do I have to maintain roles in the Central User Administration (CUA) once CUA is used?

The system offers you a reasonable degree of flexibility about where you maintain roles. If you are using this feature to assign a role to objects in the organizational structure, such as positions, users, and so on, you should keep in mind the target systems and where you would like to maintain the allocation to the organizational structure.

How can I link indirect role assignment using organizational management in HR with central user administration?

There are two scenarios in which you can successfully use HR Organizational Management and Central User Administration together:

HR-Org in the child systems of the CUA, and local role assignment: Both direct role assignment (transactions SU01, SU10, and so on) and assignment via the HR organizational structure are performed locally. You need to set the switch in transaction SCUM of the central system to local role assignment.

HR-Org in the central CUA system, and global role assignment: Both direct and indirect role assignment are performed only in the central system. To do this, the HR organizational model has to be migrated from the HR system to the central system (for notes on how to do this, see the CUA documentation). In this scenario, single roles for a specific target system cannot be assigned via the HR organizational structure. You can, however, assign collective roles that consist of single roles for specific target systems.

Since when can I synchronize SAP user data with directory services through LDAP?

As of SAP Web Application Server 6.10 user data can be synchronized with a directory.

Basis Administration Questions Answers

What is th difference between Sap lock and database lock?

A “SAP lock” is named “enqueue lock”, the enqueue is on a much higher level, e. g. a complete sales document is locked there whereas in the datbase usually only row locks exist. Since SAP runs on more database than Oracle (thanx god) one needed to have a mechanism, that is database independent and on a higher level.

What is the diff between clients 000 and 001?

Client 000 is the SAP source client, client 001 exists only on certain installations (e. g. solution Manager).

I would like to know is there anyway to transport roles from Production to Development or Sandbox.

Goto PFCG and enter the role which you want to transfer to other system. goto utilities->Mass download it will ask the path where to download/save that role on local desktop give the location and save it. Next logon to the system where you want that particular role.
PFCG-> Role -> upload.
Give the path where the role is saved. it accepts and generates successfully.

What is the need of having Development system?

To develop and custamize SAP to companies requirement. say if you dont have DEV, after go-live(started using SAP (PRD}) if you want to do some changes to application, you cannot do changes directly to PRD server, which may cause problem the PRD server live data. so you do the required changes on DEV first and test them on QAS, if it works fine
them transport the same to PRD.

Difference between Application server and Central Instance?

AS: Is just a dialog instance.
CI: Is Dialog instance + Database Instance.

What is Transport domain and Domain controller?

TD: is the collection of transport controller, trans directory and all other systems in the group.

TC: A system which will have trans directory, and in which the total landscape is designed and maintained. in stms you can see all these.

What are SNOTES ? How to apply them in SAP ?

The name of the transaction is SNOTE. A “note” in general is a hint, documentation, error/bug description and may contain code corrections, that are applied with the transaction SNOTE.

What is OSS ?

OSS is the old name of the nowadays “sapnet” which contains everything you need to run SAP a program, patches, installation/upgrade documentation etc.

What are different modules used like EP, XI, CRM ,BW, etc?

Those are not different modules but different products.

EP = Enterprise Portal
XI = Exchange Infrastructure
CRM = Customer Relationship Management
BW = Business Warehouse (that is the old term), it’s now call BI (Business Intelligence)

What is the correct use of SPAM, SAINT, SPAD and SPDD transactions. When should we use each?

SPAM is for installing support packages, SAINT is used to install new addons. SPAD is for creating printers (I assume you meant SPAU) and SPDD is for adjusting modification to dictionary objects.

Is it possible to update Support Release packages from OS level?

No – you can import them but the full process will require additional steps the tools “tp” and “R3trans” are not aware of. The way is to use SPAM - but SPAM has the possibility to schedule those imports in the background.

After doing any Support Package update in SPAM, are there any further steps to carry out for this update to take effect?

No, they are active immediately.