Characteristics and Key Figures

Characteristics

• Characteristics are varying elements that describe an object.
• Examples of characteristics are, age, gender, date, and airplane type.

Key figures

• Key figures are quantitative data or data combinations that are described in more detail by characteristics.
• Key figures are basic numbers (for example, absolute numbers such as individual values, totals, differences, or averages) or relationship numbers (for example, relative numbers such as structural numbers, relation numbers, or index numbers).

Managing Layouts in sap

Use

You use layout management to:

• Delete layouts
• Transport layouts
• Define layouts as default layouts

Procedure

To call layout management, choose ® Manage layouts. In full-screen mode, choose Settings ® Manage layouts

On the Layout: Management screen a list of the layouts appears.

The standard SAP layouts begin with a number.

Non-user-specific layouts (client-specific standard layouts) begin with "/".

User-specific layouts begin with a letter (A-Z).

Displaying User-Defined Layouts/ Standard Layouts

If user-defined layouts can be defined in the list, you can use User-Defined Layouts / Standard Layouts to switch between the display of the standard layout (that is available to all users) and the display of the user-defined layouts, which are only available to you.

The display of the standard layouts includes the SAP standard layouts as well as the non-user-specific, client-specific layouts.

Deleting Layouts

To delete one or more variants, select it/them. In the subsequent dialog box, choose or Edit ® Delete layout.

Setting Default Layouts

If a list is displayed using a set layout, this is a default layout.

If you have the authorization to set a layout as a default layout, proceed as follows:

In the layout row, choose the Default column.

Alternatively:

1. Select a layout.
2. Choose or Edit ® Set default.

To save your settings, choose or Layout ® Save.

Importing Layouts

To import one or more layouts from other clients, proceed as follows:

1. Choose Environment ® Import layout.
2. Enter the source client for the import. A list of all the standard layouts in the client appears.
3. Select a layout.
4. Choose Import.

Transporting Layouts

You can transport standard layouts from the current system to another system.

1. Choose Layouts ® Transport.
2. Select one or more standard layouts that you want to transport into another system. To select all the standard layouts, choose .

You can only transport standard layouts (that is, the SAP standard layouts or client-specific layouts); you cannot transport user-specific layouts.

3. Choose Layouts ® Transport.
4. To create a new transport order, choose Create order, enter a name for the order, and save the order.
5. To select an existing transfer order, choose Own order and double-click the desired order.
6. To exit the dialog box, choose Continue.
7. Transport the transfer order into the target system by using the transport system functions. Choose Utilities ® Requests (Organizer).

Saving Layouts insap

Use

You use this to save the list layout you defined.

Procedure

1. To save a layout:

Choose: ® Save layout. In full-screen mode, choose or Settings ® Layout ® Save.

On the Save Layout screen, choose the Save tab and enter a name for the layout under Layout and a short description under Description. To save a layout as user-specific, choose the relevant indicator. If this is not selected, the layout is saved for use by all users. To save the layout as the default layout, choose Default. This field is only active if you have the corresponding authorization to save default layouts.

A default layout means this layout is used when a list is displayed.

The name of your layout must not start with a number, because this type of name is reserved for the standard layouts delivered by SAP.

In general, layouts are available for all users as client-specific standard layouts.

In lists in which you can save user-specific layouts, you can select User-specific.

User-specific layouts must begin with a letter (A-Z).

Non-user-specific layouts (client-specific standard layouts) must begin with "/".

Existing layouts are displayed in the list. The Layout column contains the name of the layout; the Layout description column contains the short description of the layout.

To sort the columns in a dialog box, select the relevant column header. The column is sorted in ascending order. Click again to sort the column in descending order.

To save an existing layout as the default layout, select the field of the corresponding layout in the Default column. To save the layout as the default layout, choose Default. This field is only active if you have the corresponding authorization to save default layouts.

On the Save as tab, you select the relevant indicators to specify whether your layout is saved with Graphic or Template for Business Document Server.

To save the layout, choose .

Managing Templates in sap

Use

You can change the View in the ALV Grid Control. If the data are displayed in an Excel view, the Excel sheet view is based on template. Normally, this is a standard template delivered by SAP. The templates work in the background and you do not have to do anything to use them. If you want to use other templates, note the following:

Background

The Excel templates are connected to a layout and are saved together with this layout. These templates are stored in the Business Document Service.

The following types of template are available:

• Templates delivered by SAP available to all users (object key SAP_STANDARD_TEMPLATE)
• Templates for all customers available to all users (object key CUS_STANDARD_TEMPLATE)
• Templates you have created that only you can use

Procedure

Selecting templates

1. To select an Excel template for your Excel view, choose ® Change layout.
2. In the
Change Layout dialog box, choose the View tab page.
3. To display the available Excel templates, choose View as under Excel.

A list of the available Excel templates appears. You can restrict this setting according to type and language using the toolbar.

4. To choose a template, select a template and choose . The template is added to the Selected template list. To undo this step, choose .
5. To apply this template for your Excel view, choose .
6. In the
Save Layout dialog box, you assign your template to a layout.

If the template you chose is the basis of the Excel view, you must select the layout to assign to the template. If this prerequisite is met, Excel will always use your template.

Creating your own templates

1. To create an Excel template for your Excel view, choose ® Change layout.
2. In the
Change Layout dialog box, choose the View tab page.
3. Select an SAP standard template and choose to check the document out of the Business Document Service (BDS).
4. Save the template and tailor it to your need.
5. To add your tailored template to the template selection, choose to check the template into the BDS.
6. Enter the path where your template is stored and confirm your entry. The new document is uploaded from your local hard disk and checked into the BDS.
7. To use the template for your Excel view, proceed as described under Selecting templates.
8. Assign your template to a layout by choosing and
Saving Layout.

To delete your own templates from the selection list, choose .

Creating templates for all customers

1. To create a template for all customers, start report BC_BDS_UPLOAD.
2. On the following screen, enter the Language and select CUS STANDARD Template.
3. Enter the path where your template is stored and confirm your entry. The template is added to the selection list (with object key CUS_STANDARD_TEMPLATE) on the View screen of the
Change Layout dialog box.
4. To use this template for your Excel view, proceed as described under Selecting templates.

Deleting templates from the BDS

From time to time, you will need to delete the following templates :

• Temporary templates
• Templates not assigned to a layout (such as due to transports of the ALV layout)

To delete the templates, run report BC_BDS_GUIDS in the ABAP Editor.

On the Delete ALV Objects from the BDS screen, you can display and delete templates from both categories.

To display the existing objects in the BDS, proceed as follows:

1. Ensure Simulation is selected.
2. Choose the templates by selecting the relevant check boxes.
3. Choose .

To delete existing objects from the BDS, proceed as follows:

1. Deselect Simulation.
2. Choose the templates by selecting the relevant check boxes.
3. Choose .

Changing Layout in sap

Use

You use this to define the current layout of the ALV Grid Control.

Procedure

1. To change the layout, choose ® Change layout. In full-screen mode, choose or Settings ® Layout ® Change.
2. On the Change Layout screen, the parts of the layout are defined on the corresponding tab pages. To choose a tab, click it.
3. Set the relevant options on the tab pages.
4. To apply your settings, choose .

To Save the Layout, choose .

The Individual Tab Pages

Column selection

On the Column selection tab, you can hide columns and change the column order. The columns displayed in the list are displayed in Column selection; the hidden columns are displayed in Available columns.

To hide columns, proceed as follows:

1. Select the corresponding entries in Column selection.
2. To add the selected entries to Available columns, choose .

Alternatively:

1. Select the corresponding entries in Column selection.
2. Select the entry or entries again, holding the mouse button. The cursor appears with a small rectangle.
3. Drag the entries to Available columns and drop them there.

To remove the entries from Available columns, choose .

• To calculate column totals, select the indicator under the totals symbol in Column selection.

• To
Search for Terms, choose .

To change the order of columns in the list, proceed as follows:

1. 
   
Select one or more entries.
2. Select the entry or entries again, holding the mouse button. The cursor appears with a small rectangle.
3. Drag the entries to the desired position and drop them there.

The entry is added in front of the line marking.

Alternatively:

1. 
   
Select one or more entries.
2. To:

• Move one entry up, choose
• Move one entry down, choose
• Move an entry to the first position in the sort order, choose
• To move an entry to the last position in the sort order, choose .

Sort

To sort, see Sorting in Ascending or Descending Order. If there is a total in the list, you can Calculate Subtotals on the Sort tab.

Filter

To filter one or more columns, see Setting and Deleting Filters.

View

On the View tab, you specify which template is used for which view. For more information, see Managing Templates.

Display

On this tab, you set how the list is displayed. To activate the desired option, select the corresponding indicator.

Choosing Layouts in sap

1. To choose an existing layout for the ALV Grid Control display, choose ® Choose layout. In full-screen mode, choose or Settings ® Layout ® Choose.

In the Choose Layout dialog box, a selection of existing layouts appears. The default setting displays all existing layouts. You can recognize this in that All Layouts is selected. You can restrict this selection, by selecting User-specific or All users under Layout Settings. The layouts are listed with the names of the layouts in the Layout column and a short description in the Layout description column.

If a list is always displayed with a set layout, this means a default layout is set.

To determine whether the layout is set as a default layout, see the Default column.

To set a default layout, see Saving Layouts and Managing Layouts.

If a layout already exists for the ALV Grid Control, the line of the relevant layout is selected.

To sort the columns in the dialog box, select the relevant column header. The column is sorted in ascending order. Selecting the column again, sorts the column in descending order.

To select a layout, select a line. This layout is applied to the ALV Grid Control.